01Airway & bypassNormal airway vs tracheostomy entry02Trach tube partsIdentify the outer cannula, inner cannula, flange, cuff, pilot balloon, inflation line, and obturator03Cuffed vs cufflessSee how cuff state changes the available airflow path04Cuff pressureRelate pressure to leak, seal, and tracheal-wall compression05HumidificationReplace upper-airway conditioning after tracheostomy06Trach collar & T-pieceTrace aerosol flow and manage condensate safely07Suction & mucus obstructionSee what blocks the lumen and how suction restores patency08Inner cannula obstructionSee how the inner cannula can become the obstruction09Speaking valveFollow inspiration through the valve and expiration through the upper airway10Emergency recognitionDistinguish obstruction, displacement, and blocked exhalation